Democratic Theory and Practice (Govt. 101:002)

 Mon/Wed 12-1:15, Innovation Hall 105

Spring 2004

Professor Hugh Heclo.  Office: East Building Room 207

Telephone: 993-2184  e-mail: hheclo@visuallink.com

Office Hours: Mondays and Wednesdays, 11-12; 1:30-2 and other times by appointment

 

Ms. Erika VanLandingham. Office Robinson A Room 405A

Telephone: 703-582-5785 e-mail: evanland@gmu.edu

Office Hours:  Mondays and Wednesdays 1:30-3

http://classweb.gmu.edu/hheclo

 

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            The goal of this course is to help you develop an understanding of the foundational ideas and historical praxis that have combined to produce the “democratic” governing systems that we generally take for granted today.  Whether or not you are going on to major in government, political science, public administration, or the like, this term’s work is intended to introduce you to the deeper inner life of the “democratic” world you have inherited.

Besides, you are majoring in this subject whether you know it or not.

 

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Expectations: All members of the class—instructor and students alike—are expected to:

1)      appear punctually for the class meetings;

2)      prepare conscientiously by reading and note-taking on the assigned topics; and,

3)      communicate together with respect, honesty and intellectual seriousness.

The normal schedule will be for the class to lean toward lectures on Mondays and more open class discussions on Wednesdays. No formal record of attendance will be kept, but it will be difficult to succeed in this course without attending the class meetings each week.

 

Readings: Assignments will be drawn from the reader Core Readings for Govt. 101 (abbreviated CR below) and from Robert Dahl’s On Democracy, as well as from a few items on e-reserve at the Library. E-reserve readings may be accessed through the GMU library website or the class web site http://classweb.gmu.edu/hheclo. The password for this class is “state”.

 

Evaluation: The course is divided into three parts, with examination at the end of each part. The third of these examinations (given on May 3rd) will include the work of the entire semester.

The final course grade is weighted as follows:

First Exam: 10%;  Second exam: 25%;  Research Paper: 30%;  Final Exam: 35%.

 

The Research Paper:  You are to choose one nation and report on some aspect its experience with democracy that personally interests you, discussing your findings in substantial intellectual depth.

For this project, it is important that you use the most reliable scholarly sources that you can find—not things randomly plucked off the Internet. For example, if you are using a particular historical account, your paper should demonstrate that you understand the strengths and weaknesses of this work as reviewed in the scholarly literature. This means searching out serious book reviews weighing the merits of this particular source book. Consider a few other examples,  you might be interested in  trying to understand why, shortly after the American Revolution, democratic revolutions failed in Haiti, Liberia, or France (after 1789), or why certain European democracies fell to Fascism after 1920, or why democratic experiments in post-colonial nations such as Iraq or Vietnam failed after World War II.  In these and any other subjects, your paper should show that you have made a serious effort to weigh competing interpretations in the scholarly literature regarding what happened, and why. This is not a paper in which you can do well by asserting superficial, poorly substantiated, personal “feelings.”

To help you get started on your paper, there will be a Special Class on Research Sources and Methods conducted by Barbara Hillson, in the Johnson Center Library Instruction Room, February 4th at the regularly scheduled class time.

Your topic should be chosen, after consultation with the instructor, by February 16th. On that date a one page description of the project is to be handed in.  More than one student may choose to investigate the same subject. 

 

Research Paper Specifications   Length: minimum 15 pages ( approximately 3500 words).

Margins: 1 inch.      Font: 12 point, Times Roman.    Justification: left margin only.

Spacing: double.  Grammatical Standard:  Strunk and White, The Elements of Style

Citations: footnotes & bibliography following any standard academic reference format

Due Date: Wed. April 28 (you are urged to submit an earlier draft for review with the instructor)

 

 

Schedule of Topics and Reading Assignments

 

Wed. Jan. 21. Introduction to the Course

                        Read CR, Tocqueville, pp. 171-181

 

(Mon. Jan.26.  SNOWDAY)

Wed. Jan.28.  Democracy in History                                                     

Dahl, chapter 1, pp. 1-25

                       

Mon. Feb.2.  Discussion: The Century Just Ended

                        Read John Markoff, “Waves of Democracy” (20th c. Pendulum Swings) (e-reserve)

 

Wed. Feb.4.   Special Class on Research Sources and Methods

Meet with Barbara Hillson, in the Johnson Center Library Instruction Room

 

Mon. Feb 9.  The Search for Order: What Is Democracy?

                        Read CR, Aristotle, pp.1-11

                                    Read Dahl, chapter 2

 

Wed. Feb 11. The Moral Foundations of Democracy

                                    Read CR, Hallowell, pp. 66-81

                        Read CR, Grimke, pp. 218-21

 

Mon. Feb.16.  Why Democracy and Why Political Equality?

                                    Read Dahl, chapter 4 and 5

Research paper topic to be turned in

 

            Wed. Feb.18.  First Examination (10%)         

 

            Mon. Feb.23.  Democracy and Ancient Greece

                                    Plato’s Republic (on e-reserve)

 

            Wed. Feb.25. Liberal Contract Theory

                                    Read CR, Locke, pp. 131-157

 

            Mon. Mar. 1.  Discussion: Individualism and Communitarianism  

                                    Read CR, Gastil, pp.56-61

                                    Read CR, Berlin, pp. 24-34Islam and Democracy

            Wed. Mar. 3. Read Carl Brown, “Islam and Politics in Modern Times: The Great Transformation”

                                                from his Religion and State: The Muslim Approach to Politics

Read Ibtisam Ibrahim, “Debating Democracy in the Arab World

           

Week 8: Spring Recess

 

            Mon. Mar.15. Discussion: Islam and Democracy Continued

                                    Read Ayatullah Ruhullah Khumayni, “Islamic Government”

                                    Read Ayelet Savyon, “The Call for Islamic Protestantism: Dr. Aghajari’s Speech

and Subsequent Death Sentence”

Read CR, Barber, pp. 13-23

 

Wed, Mar.17.  Institutions of Democracy

                                    Read Dahl, chapter 8

                        Read CR, Schmitter and Karl, pp.158-170

 

Mon. Mar. 22.  Discussion: The Dilemma of Scale

                        Read Dahl, chapter 9

                                    Read CR. Federalist 10, pp. 83-88

 

Wed. Mar. 24.             Second Examination (25%)

 

Mon. Mar. 29. Constitutions and Electoral Systems

                                    Read Dahl, chapters 10 and 11, and appendix B pp.192-95

 

Wed. Mar. 31. Democracy’s Third Wave and Conditions Favorable to Democracy

                        Read CR, Huntington, pp.93-113                       

Read Dahl, chapter 12  

 

            Mon. April 5.  Economic Conditions and Political Leadership

                                    Read CR, Lipset, pp. 114-127

 

            Wed. April 7.  Discussion: How Market Capitalism Favors and Inhibits Democracy

                                    Read Dahl, chapters 13 and 14

 

            Mon. April 12. Why Democracy Requires Strong Government

Read Holmes, “What Russia Teaches Us Now,” The American Prospect, July-August, 1997. (access through GMU Library Database)

 

            Wed. April 14.  Why Strong Government Threatens Democracy

                                    Read CR, Tocqueville, pp.181-88

 

            Mon. April 19.  Democracy as a Universal Value

Read Amartya Sen, “Democracy as a Universal Value,” Journal of Democracy, vol.10, no.3, 1999 (access through GMU Library Database)

 

 

Wed. April 21.  Democracy as a Threat to Global Peace

Read extracts from Amy Chua, World On Fire: How Exporting Free Market Democracy Breed Ethnic Hatred and Global Instability (e-reserve)

 

Mon. April 26.   Democracy Beyond the Nation-State

Read Stanley Hoffmann, “World Governance: Beyond Utopia,” Daedalus, Winter, 2003, pp. 27-35 (access through GMU Library Database)

 

            Wed. April 28.  Review

                                    Turn in Research Papers (30%)

 

Mon. May  5.  Last Examination (35%)