English 615:01: Composition Instruction: Pedagogy and Principles

(for teaching assistants)

 

Spring 2008

 

Office Hours: By appointment 
Office: Robinson A 112a. Phone: 993-1187

Classroom: Research I, room 202

There's nothing so practical as a good theory. --Dixie Goswami

[E]very act of teaching arises from some set of assumptions about what teachers should teach and how students learn.”—Stephen Wilhoit

Course Description

From your years of experience as writers and students of writing, you've already acquired a body of assumptions about writing practices whether articulated or not. Part of our work (and fun, I hope) in this course will be to articulate and examine those assumptions, connect them to practice, and situate practice within theoretical perspectives and research on teaching composition. Over the course of the semester, you’ll create a teaching statement and a syllabus that reflect your own teaching style and preferences, your engagement with the course materials, and the learning goals of first year composition at Mason. While I’ve assigned a number of readings, our main focus will be on you the learner and writing teacher in training. In every class, you’ll have opportunities to apply the concepts we’re reading about to your own course design, assignments, and response and evaluation practices.   

 

Here are some of the questions we’ll be concerned with: What skills, processes, forms, and genres should we teach students to write to help them achieve the learning outcomes for first year composition (fyc) and to meet the writing expectations of faculty across disciplines? What is the role of reading/s in fyc? How much reading should be assigned? To what end? To what extent must we acknowledge and work with/in digital writing environments? What theories and research help us respond to these questions and shape our course design and teaching practices?   

 

In my own teaching statement, I describe the values I try to enact in every course and which, for me, also comprise the subject matter of English 615:

·        to teach students to be engaged, critical, and reflective writers who know how to ask questions, gather and weigh evidence, and form careful, sustained, and ethical arguments;

·        to challenge them to think creatively about problems and to be patient as they struggle to form complex responses;

·        to help them become fluent, flexible writers, capable of writing in multiple genres for readers who may have widely varied expectations and evaluative criteria; 

·        to build a community of learners who respect one another’s diverse identities and approaches to writing but who can also be critical readers of a peer’s position, textual and otherwise.

 

Our challenge, then, (both yours and mine) will be to create a course and course materials that engage students as active and enthusiastic participants in their own learning. On my part, you’ll see that I’ve left room in this syllabus for you to help me make some decisions about course management--e.g. Should we use Townhall? A blog? A wiki? for sharing work—and the shape of the assignments. In the process, you will also be teaching me, just as your students will always teach you something new--about writing, about how they learn, and about yourself as a writer and teacher of writing.

 

Required texts:  

John Bean. Engaging Ideas: The Professor’s Guide to Integrating Writing, Critical Thinking, and Active Learning in the Classroom.

Luis Alberto Urea. The Devil’s Highway. The English department’s Text and Community selection.

Handed out in class (free):

Teaching Composition: Background Readings, 3rd Edition (TC)

The St. Martin’s Guide to Teaching Writing, 6th Edition (StM)

Online:

Articles sent on email in PDF files 

Learning Goals for English 100/101: http://english.gmu.edu/composition/faculty/goals100.php

Teaching Resources, including sample syllabi and a syllabus policy template: http://composition.gmu.edu/faculty/index.php

 

Recommended:

      Kathleen Yancey. Reflection in the Writing Classroom.

     Take 20: Teaching Writing. Free DVD handed out in class.

 

Useful sites: 

      CompPile, a ready reference to published work in post-secondary comp and rhetoric: http://comppile.tamucc.edu/

      WAC Clearinghouse, links to resources and teaching tips for writing across the curriculum: http://wac.colostate.edu/

       RhetComp.com, a portal to sites relevant to comp and rhetoric: http://rhetcomp.com/.

      Journals on line:

College Composition and Communication: http://www.ncte.org/cccc/pubs/ccc

Journal of Teaching Writing: www.iupui.edu/_jtw

The Writing Instructor: www.writinginstructor.com

Kairos: A Journal for Teachers of Writing in Webbed Environments: http://english.ttu.edu/kairos

 

Course Requirements and Grading Percentages:  

·        Teaching portfolio (teaching statement, syllabus, sample assignment): 35%

·        Teaching Tip Sheet: 20%

·        Teaching demo and accompanying rationale and reflection: 15%

·        Active participation to include: 30%

o       Teaching log

o       Participation on discussion board (format to be decided)

o       In-class participation, classroom observation, peer group work, etc

Policies to note:

     Attendance: I expect you to attend every class. Missing more than one meeting will affect your grade.

Late work: I do take off points for late work depending upon the circumstances. You should talk to me if you’re falling behind.

 

Students with disabilities: Students with documented disabilities are legally entitled to certain accommodations in the classroom.  Students requesting such accommodation must present faculty with a

 

Description of Assignments:

·        Teaching Portfolio: As the culminating assignment for the course, the portfolio presents and represents your teaching philosophy, your goals and expectations for beginning college writers, the learning outcomes for first year composition, and the methods by which you and the students will achieve these goals and outcomes. You’ll include:

o       Initial teaching statement (3-5 pages): After our first class, you’ll write statement of your position on teaching writing and writers. You’ll draw on your own writing experiences, tutoring experiences, and any teaching experience (in any area) you may have. You’ll discuss your sense of what college writers need to learn; your overall goals for first-year composition (fyc) and the writers in the course; any contradictions you’ve encountered thus far based on your experiences as a tutor/mentee; and any questions and doubts you may have as we begin the pedagogy class. 

o       “Final” teaching statement (7-10 pages) (Note: these things are never final; they are and should be always evolving.):  The purpose of this statement is to provide a rationale and context for the course you’ve designed, the textbook(s) you’ve selected, and the assignments you intend to give. Along with your own thinking and reflection—on your initial statement, on how your ideas may have changed from then to now, on your pedagogical values and choices—you’ll discuss the composition theories and research that have most influenced your thinking. You should refer to at least five of our course readings; feel free to include as more readings and other outside readings as these may have influenced you. You may also want to consider the following: your own experiences as a writer, a student in writing courses, a tutor, and a teacher; other syllabi you’ve looked at, the class you observed; informal discussions with other TAs currently teaching; and so on. I see this essay as a place to think about and reflect on all the influences that have a bearing on your approach to teaching freshmen writers. Feel free to experiment with voice and style (yes, you can use “I” and write in “your own voice”—whatever that may mean to you. You’ve seen in countless tutoring sessions how complicated this advice can be for students.) Your statement should include a Works Cited page.

o       Your “final” syllabus with an explanatory gloss on your textbook choices; your course readings; your assignment sequence and weight of each; and your grading criteria for the course.

o       A sample assignment with a cover explanation of your learning goals for the assignment and how these fit into your overall goals for the course.

o       Reflection on all of the above (guidelines given out in class).

·        Teaching Tip Sheet (3-4 pages): You’ll choose the teaching topic and generate a list of good ideas for teaching a particular skill (e.g. notetaking); for using new technologies (e.g. Facebook); for accommodating diverse learning styles (e.g. sketching as pre-writing); for using journals and free writing; and so on. Along with the one-page list of ideas, you’ll include an introductory rationale for the activity and an annotated bibliography of sources to consult for additional ideas and explanations. We’ll compile these tip sheets into a practical teaching “text” for all of you to have as a reference. With your permission, we’ll also post them on the composition site as a teaching resource. 

·        Teaching demo with pre and post writing: You’ll have about fifteen minutes to present a lesson or engage us in an activity (feel free to draw on the material you designed to teach your mentor’s class). In that time frame, you’ll need to explain your goals for the demo and give us time when you finish to ask questions and make suggestions. Prior to your teaching demo, you’ll give me an outline with a rationale and goals for the activity. The week following your demo, you’ll give me a 1-2 page post-demo analysis (what went well, what you would change, what you still need to do, etc).   

·        Classroom observation (2-3 pages): Describe what happened and, as nearly as you can tell, why it happened, i.e., discuss the lesson in the context of the teacher’s syllabus, our class readings and discussions, and/or your tutoring experiences, whatever is relevant.You might also include a discussion of techniques the teacher used that you'd like to use yourself or would not consider using. If possible, meet with the teacher you've observed so you can get his/her feedback on the class. . 

·        Teaching log: In the log, you’ll take notes on aspects of the readings that seem most relevant to you and make connections among readings, class discussion, your experiences as a tutor, and so on. You’ll also note teaching ideas that seem useful to you and/or spark your own ideas about what to do/not to do. The logs will be the basis for in-class writing and discussion. We’ll decide as a group how and whether the logs should be distributed and graded.

·        Discussion board: We’ll decide as a class how and whether we want to use some form of a discussion board (e.g. Townhall, a WIKI, a listserve) for sharing work with peers.  

Class participation: This grade includes your active engagement in all in-class activities, as well as the on-line discussion forum (to be decided) and thoughtful completion of your teaching logs. Note: Missing more than one class will seriously compromise your ability to earn an “A” for the course. (For your own 101 syllabus preparation, you may want to include the statement on attendance from the university catalog online at http://www.gmu.edu/catalog/apolicies/index.html#Anchor26: “Attendance Policies: Students are expected to attend the class periods of the courses for which they register. In-class participation is important not only to the individual student, but also to the class as a whole. Because class participation may be a factor in grading, instructors may use absence, tardiness, or early departure as de facto evidence of nonparticipation.”

Schedule

(Note: all assignments are due on the day they are listed)

Part I. The Act and the Actors: First-year composition—some history, theory, issues, and lots of questions about what we teach and why. 

 

Week One, January 24:  

What is good writing? Good college writing? What is the role of first year composition (fyc) in producing “good” college writers? What, if any, guarantees do we make to students and their subsequent teachers when we require fyc? What should we teach? What are we required to teach? In our initial discussion of these questions, we’ll draw on the Composition website (composition.gmu.edu), your own college writing experiences, and your mentor/mentee and tutoring experiences.

 

Note: Since many of you will miss the second week of class when you go to AWP, we’ll hold this class at least partially on Townhall. Those not going to AWP may choose to meet for our regular class rather than doing a peer review of the initial teaching statement online. We’ll decide in class how we want to handle this.  

 

Week Two, January 31: “Just when I’ve designed the right syllabus, the wrong students walk in the door”-- Sharon Crowley. How does the complex chemistry among the teacher and students help shape the classroom dynamic? Our focus this week is on classroom: the teacher, the students,  and classroom management. Read: StM: Chapters 1-3. TC: Skorczewski, p.99; Bean Chapter 3; in PDF (sent in an email), chapter four from Engaged Writers and Dynamic Disciplines: “Students Talk about Expectations, Confidence, and How They Learn.” Also look at syllabi template on comp website. Write: First draft of teaching philosophy, which should reflect your preliminary thinking about teaching fyc based on your own preferences and experiences, our first week discussion, and the assigned readings on teachers and students. Note 1: Those of you missing class will need to turn in your teaching philosophy draft to me in hard copy before you leave and also give either hard or soft copies to two of your AWP peers for review. Before our Feb 7 class meeting, you should give me a 2-3 page description of and reflection on the peer review process, whether it occurred online or by circulating hard copies.  Note 2: If we decide to hold the whole class on Townhall rather than face-to-face, everyone will need to follow the process I describe in Note 1.

 

Week Three, February 7: Louise Phelps on the Practice/Theory/Practice arc: “The relationship between theory and practice at any point is not a simple one-way influence, but a dialect. Theoretical ideas filter into practice and are in turn affected by it. at some depth, theory (explicit formulations of deep structures) acquires the power to counter strong tacit assumptions with new conceptions.” This week focuses on some of the history, major theories, and research that have guided the teaching of composition. How do these theories help account for your ideas about good writing, why we need required freshman composition, and what should be taught in 101. Read: TC: Slevin, p. 59, Elbow, p. 172; StM: Bartholomae, p. 382 (review), Herzberg, p 441; on JSTOR: “Personal Writing Assignments” by Robert Connors (CCC May 1987) and sent as PDF “Composition at the Turn of the 21st Century” by Richard Fulkerson. Write: Teaching log entry (see explanation above). Written summary on article assigned to you for peer group activity. Also due: Topic (or list of ideas) for teaching demo and three preferred dates.

 

Week Four, February 14: This week we focus on writing processes--invention, arrangement, style, and revision—and the rhetorical contexts and motives that shape writing.. James Britton’s three part writing model: expressive discourse: writing to discover and explore; transactional—writing to get “things” done; poetic: writing as art. Consider your writing process and how it changes based on your purpose and intended audience. T Read: TC: Perl, p. 140, Rose, 148, Sommers, 195; Bean, chapter 6, and StM: Review Chapters 6, 7, 8. Write: In teaching log, write your thoughts on these readings and what they mean to you as a writing teacher-in-training. Review 3 sample syllabi on the Composition website, and write 2-3 pages of “thinking-out-loud” about elements you want to build into your 101 course.  Note: We’ll take some time to look at textbooks and discuss the theoretical and rhetorical frames that seem to have informed the authors’ choices.

 

Part II: The Actions. How and what to teach

 

Week Five, February 21: Critical thinking: What is it and how is it connected to writing? We’ll begin with Bean’s discussion in Chapter One in which he quotes J. Kurfiss’s definition: [Critical thinking] is an investigation whose purpose is to explore a situation, phenomenon, question, or problem to arrive at a hypothesis or conclusion about it that integrates all available information and that can therefore be convincingly justified” (qtd in Bean 3). From there we’ll look at the critical thinking rubrics developed by Mason’s Office of Institutional Assessment available at: http://assessment.gmu.edu/StudentLearningCompetencies/Critical/Standards.html. To consider as you read Bean and Leki: Does one definition fit all students? Read: Bean chapters 1, 2, 7, 9, and pp 176-81. StM: Leki, p. 330. Write: Develop a list of four or more writing activities that you think you’d like to use to encourage critical thinking approaches in your class. Also attach a draft of the first page of your syllabus with preliminary course description and nuts and bolts info.

 

Teaching demos begin! We’ll do two a week until everyone has done a presentation. Your outline, goals, and rationale are due the week before you present and post-writing is due the week after.

 

Week Six, February 28: Reading: We rarely talk about reading in a writing course; it’s just assumed that we’ll assign readings and students will read. This week we’ll consider these questions and more: How much reading should we assign in a writing course? What do we consider a “text”? Is “literature” appropriate? Do students read the material we assign? How can we help them read better and more critically? How and how well do they read it? Read: Bean, Chapter 8;  StM: Elbow, 466; TC: Hocks, 337; PDF: Joliffe review reading in writing classrooms. Write: Look over several textbooks, paying particular attention to the readings in each. Select two or three that you like best and then write 3-4 pages about why you like these two or three--their reader-friendliness (visual as well as textual; their heft and price; level of difficulty, etc); the number and kinds of readings the textbooks include (professional, student-authored, a mix?); and the theoretical/rhetorical frame which seems to have informed them. Note: We’ll spend some time this week talking about how to incorporate a Text & Community selection into a 101 class. (AWP attendees will lead this discussion.)

 

Week Seven, March 6: Teaching research: This week we’ll focus on what students need to learn about searching for sources; noting, citing, and documenting what they find, writing from and about sources, and avoiding plagiarism. We’ll spend some time on the Mason Libraries site and talk about ways to break the research project up into manageable steps. We’ll hear from guest presenter Anna Habib about the research assignment sequence she designed and how she’s adapted that process to make it work in English 302 with Devil’s Highway.  Read: Bean, chapter 12; StM: Chapter 9. Write: In teaching log, some ideas for how you’ll teach research skills and sequence your assignments. .

 

                        Week Eight: Spring Break: March 10-16.  Be sure to hear bell hooks speak on March 17, time and place TBA.

 

Week Nine, March 20: Multiple literacies and digital rhetorics. Guest speaker Sarah Baker will describe a WIKI project she has used in 101 and the website usability assignment she gives early in her course. gital rhetorics. Read: StM: Chapter 10 and Selfe p. 479; TC: Krause, p. 325 and Purdy, p. 305. Write: Draft of syllabus thus far with explanation of how you’ll incorporate technology, noting readings, other sources of information, and/or experiences that have influenced your choices.  Note: You need to build a week in computer room into your syllabus, but you are not required to give new media assignments.

 

Part Three. The act: Designing Writing Assignments. Responding to Writers and Writing, Grading Papers

 

Week Ten, March 27: Designing and sequencing assignments. Where does grammar fit in?. Read: StM: Chapter 4; Bean Chapters 4 and 5. Write: 2-3 pages on the textbook(s) you’ve chosen. Why did you choose it? How does it facilitate/make possible the kinds of assignments you want to give? Turn in draft of an assignment that you have developed. 

 

Note: I will miss class on April 3, as I’ll be attending the 4Cs convention. We’ll decide together how to structure the Week Eleven class, which is focused on peer review, managing groups, and collaborative writing. You may decide to meet in class without me to discuss the readings and do peer review or to meet online.

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Week Eleven, April 3:  Peer review and managing groups: As Wendy Bishop points out in “Helping Peer Groups Succeed,” the literature on peer writing groups and the effectiveness of peer review often over-rates the results and oversimplifies the process. This week focuses on strategies for organizing and managing peer groups and the peer review process so that peer commentary will be meaningful for your students and you’ll see the results in their revised drafts.  To practice what we preach, you’ll exchange drafts of your revised teaching statement to elicit three different kinds of commentary—open-ended, teacher-directed, writer-directed. Read: StM: Bishop 343 and pages 69-74; Bean Chapter 9; and Tips on Peer Groups: http://www.english.udel.edu/wc/faculty/tipsheets/peerReview.pdf.

 

Note: By now should have observed a 101 or 302 class and given me your observation write-up.

 

Week Twelve, April 10: Responding to writers and grading their work. We all want our students to succeed as writers in our classes, so sometimes we (me included) given them lots of feedback on drafts, engaging with their ideas and making suggestions for how to revise the next draft. But what kinds of feedback are most effective and how much time should you spend on each paper? In the end, what’s a fair grade for a paper whether the student has been assiduously following our suggestions or not? These questions are the focus of this week’s discussion; there are no pre-determined answers, only recommended practices and your own experiences as tutors and students to draw on. Read: StM: Chapter 5 and Sommers, p. 352; Bean Chapter 13 and 14;  and “Minimal Marking” by Richard Haswell at http://www.english.vt.edu/~grammar/grammarforteachers/readings/haswell.html. Write: Create a grading rubric for the assignment you’ve designed. And a draft of Teaching Tip sheet for peer review. We’ll also work together to create a grading rubric for this assignment.    

 

Week Thirteen, April 17: Evaluating and grading—the least enjoyable part of teaching. As a writing teacher, I want to be interested in and enjoy reading my students’ writing. In fact, that’s generally one of the criteria I make sure to include for every assignment, and I try not to give assignments that won’t engage me as a reader. I also enjoy coaching writers and seeing them develop. Knowing that I have to grade the “paper” (why do we call our students’ writing “papers”?) takes away much of the pleasure. In “Embracing Contraries in the Teaching Process,” Peter Elbow writes about the conflict we experience in the roles of coach and gatekeeper. How will you balance those roles? Read: Bean Chapter 15. TC: Elbow, p. 387. Write: In teaching log, consider how you will approach the issue of correctness. How “good” does a student’s writing have to be? How will you measure “good”? Teaching Tip sheet due.

 

Part IV: Praxis and Reflection—The syllabus as a reflection of your teaching philosophy. The other stakeholders. Reflection as integral part of process.

 

Week Fourteen, April 24: Outcomes for first year composition: How will you syllabus help students achieve these outcomes? How do your syllabus and textbook reflect your theories and philosophy of teaching comp. How will you determine who passes and who fails? How would you explain your grading decisions to other stakeholders, i.e. teachers who assign writing across the disciplines and have high expectations (generally unrealistic) for the writing abilities students will possess after taking 101? Or to external audiences who are alarmed about the “literacy crisis” we face and are putting pressure on institutions to account for students’ competency as writers and critical thinkers? What is to be done about “grammar” and correctness? Whose writing seems to invoke the most alarm? Read: StM: Rose, p. 397. Review outcomes statement for English 101 on the Composition website and on the Writing Program Administrator’s website at: http://www.wpacouncil.org/positions/outcomes.html. Write: Nearly final draft of syllabus due for peer review.  

 

Week Fifteen, May 1: Your syllabus, your textbook(s), and how both speak to your philosophy of teaching first year composition. Due: Syllabus to share with class. In an informal presentation to the class, you’ll describe and give a rationale for the choices you’ve made in creating your syllabus and selecting your textbook(s). You’ll also bring the next-to-final draft of your teaching statement for peer review and response. .

 

Exam Day, May 8: Teaching portfolio due with reflection on the course and portfolio contents.  Note: I’ll entertain requests for extensions until May 12, the last day of the exam period.